It will take 15-45 times of complete understanding for her to get it... with the hand signals. Not just her with being deaf- but any dog that is learning new behaviors for that matter. I read that she cowers when you do a hand signal... try something different... something that doesn't scare her. I use hand signals for my dog- she is a K-9 Therapy dog as well as my personal Service dog- so there are often times we are out in public places that I am talking to someone and don't want to interrupt by telling her to lay down- so we do hand signals as well. Which we started when she was in basic obedience. So you are certainly in a more difficult situation as she is a rescue and 3 at that. But she can and will learn! When I tell Sophie to sit- I actually use an open palm and cup it up into a closed fist... so it looks as if you are grabbing something in your hand and twisting it up with a closed hand to look at it... there is a signal for American Sign Language that is meant to be Dog- where you take your open hand on your leg and snap your hand and fingers in an upward motion- that could be used for something... I roll or wave my hand towards me when she is across the room - that is her sign for here... I hold my hand up towards her where my palm is facing her- for wait. I use a flat hand palm facing the floor and move in down towards the floor as her down command... why don't you send me a message with your email address- I can scan them for you- and email them to you if you would like. Since it is all very new and very confusing for her- start slow... with 1 or 2 hand signals/commands... make sure you write them all down and keep track of them- that way you don't forget something you have already used for something else- as well as it can be send to her new forever home family when they see what a beautiful and sweet girl she is. Since she is deaf- and can't hear you... she can feel vibrations... so if you need to get her attention try stomping on the floor... of course you don't want to do that when she is sleeping- unless you really need something... as it can startle them. LOL---- I had a Lhasa/****-zu mix when I was in high school that as she got older lost her hearing- so there are certainly ways of doing it. However it is difficult and again takes a lot of time and love. She will see your body language, your facial expressions, and sense your stress and frustrations... make sure that when she does do something good- to make a big ordeal about it! Big smiles, lots of hugs, you can even use the ASL sign of both hand in the air by your face/head range- open hands with spread fingers and you twist your wrists meaning Great Job... Good Girl.... etc... Good luck- and KUDOS to you for being such a wonderful foster mom with a special needs girl!